Warm the milk in a small saucepan or microwave until it reaches 105°F to 110°F, then pour it into a mixing bowl.
Sprinkle the active dry yeast over the warm milk, add 1 teaspoon of the granulated sugar, whisk to combine, and let sit for 5 to 10 minutes until foamy.
Whisk in the remaining granulated sugar, melted butter, eggs, and salt until smooth.
Add the flour 1 cup at a time, stirring with a wooden spoon or dough hook until a soft dough forms and pulls away from the sides of the bowl.
Transfer the dough to a lightly floured surface and knead for about 10 minutes until smooth, elastic, and slightly tacky but not sticky.
Place the dough in a lightly greased bowl, turn it once to coat, cover with a clean kitchen towel or plastic wrap, and let rise in a warm place for about 1 hour or until doubled in size.
While the dough rises, beat the softened cream cheese in a medium bowl until smooth and creamy.
Add the powdered sugar and vanilla bean paste to the cream cheese and beat until thick, glossy, and well combined.
Pat the chopped strawberries dry with paper towels, then gently fold them into the cream cheese mixture until evenly distributed; refrigerate the filling while the dough finishes rising.
Lightly grease a large baking sheet or line it with parchment paper.
Punch down the risen dough to release air, then transfer it to a lightly floured surface.
Roll the dough into a rectangle about 12 by 18 inches and about 1/4 inch thick, with the long side facing you.
Spread the strawberry cheesecake filling evenly over the dough, leaving a 1/2 inch border on the long side farthest from you.
Starting from the long side closest to you, roll the dough up tightly into a log, pinching the seam to seal.
Use a sharp knife or dental floss to slice the log into 12 even pieces about 1 1/2 inches thick.
Arrange the slices cut side up on the prepared baking sheet, leaving a little space between each bun.
Cover the buns loosely with a kitchen towel or plastic wrap and let them rise in a warm place for about 30 minutes until slightly puffy.
During the second rise, preheat the oven to 350°F.
Bake the buns for 20 to 25 minutes at 350°F until they are lightly golden on top and the centers are just set.
Remove the baking sheet from the oven and let the buns cool for at least 20 minutes before serving so the cheesecake filling can set.