1. Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C) and line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
2. In a small saucepan, combine blueberries, granulated sugar, and lemon juice. Cook over medium heat until blueberries burst and mixture thickens, about 10 minutes. Let cool.
3. In a medium bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, and salt.
4. In a large bowl, beat butter and powdered sugar until light and fluffy. Add egg, vanilla bean paste, and lemon zest; beat until combined.
5. Gradually add flour mixture to butter mixture, mixing until just combined.
6. Roll dough into 1-inch balls, place on the prepared baking sheet, and flatten slightly.
7. Spoon a small amount of the blueberry mixture onto the center of each cookie.
8. Bake for 12-15 minutes, or until edges are lightly golden. Cool on a wire rack.
9. In a small bowl, whisk powdered sugar, lemon juice, and lemon zest for the glaze. Drizzle over cooled cookies.